Reach for the Star

Congruence and geometric reasoning

Pearson Edexcel GCSE Mathematics 1MA1 · Foundation and Higher · L027 · Review v0.9

Your learning journey

Select a valid triangle congruence criterion and use corresponding parts to build a short proof.

Follow the task-specific calculator guidance in Apply. Keyboard - means the same as −. Attempt before opening a scaffold or intentional practice explanation.

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Ready.

Connect & Check

Congruent: same shape and size. Corresponding: matching position in the two figures. Included angle: between two specified sides. Hypotenuse: side opposite a right angle. Proof: a justified chain of statements.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

60°.

180° total.

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50°.

180−130.

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Opposite angles equal.

Use parallel sides.

Share

In pairs, predict the first step and compare your reasons before reading the worked solution: D1 Model: matching side triples 3,4,5 cm prove SSS. Now both triangles have sides 5,6,7 cm. Name the criterion.

Present

SSS fixes all three sides; SAS fixes two sides and their included angle; ASA fixes two angles and the side between them. RHS fixes a right angle, hypotenuse and another side. A rigid movement can then match the triangles. AAA fixes shape but permits different sizes. SSA is not a general congruence test.

Write vertices in corresponding order. List each equality with its given reason, name the criterion, then deduce equal matching parts. A shared side equals itself; a picture is not proof.

Congruence and geometric reasoning teaching diagram; not to scaleABCDAB = AD and BC = DCAC is shared.Match ABC with ADC.Which congruence criterion?Teaching sketch • not to scale
Teaching sketch: not to scale. Use the separate practical sheet for drawing tasks. Describe your reasoning here; your teacher reviews the paper drawing.
Optional scaffold

Pair sides by length.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

SSS.

All three corresponding sides match.

Optional scaffold

Check included position.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

SAS.

The angle lies between the equal sides.

Optional scaffold

Identify the side joining the two angles.

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ASA.

Two corresponding angles and included side match.

Optional scaffold

Distinguish hypotenuse from another side.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

RHS.

Both right angles must be given.

Apply

Optional scaffold

Mark what is known.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

SSS; SAS; RHS.

Each specifies enough corresponding information.

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AB=CD and BC=DA, opposite sides of a parallelogram; AC shared; SSS.

Correspondence A↔C, B↔D, C↔A.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

AB=AD, BC=DC, AC shared; ABC and ADC congruent by SSS, so matching angles BAC and CAD are equal.

Conclude only after proving congruence.

No calculator is needed. Length totals can be checked, but congruence requires reasons, not numerical output.

Apply and extend

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

Both have 60° angles but different sizes; AAA does not prove congruence.

Equality of angles gives similarity.

Intentional practice feedback after your attempt

Drawings may be inaccurate. Use the three stated/shared equal side pairs and SSS.

Give evidence independent of appearance.

Access, Scaffold, Core and Stretch support the same goal. Stretch deepens reasoning for either qualification tier.

Recall & Review

Retrieval without notes

Six retrieval points. Enter a number, decimal, fraction such as 3/2, or mixed number such as 1 1/2. Equivalent numeric values are accepted. Unsupported notation goes to teacher review. For rounding, also communicate the requested accuracy in written work; numerical scoring cannot judge significant trailing zeros.







Not checked.

Independent exit evidence

P1–P2: five minutes, no notes, 4 marks. Your teacher reviews working and explanations. Full assessment solutions are not embedded.

Recall & Review and prepare

A perpendicular bisector is the set of points equally distant from two fixed points. Equal-radius compass arcs from the endpoints identify two such points; joining them creates the line.

Retrieve F1 again in one week. Bring your working and one question.

Your progress summary

Completion records attempts, not mastery. Retrieval points describe the latest checked attempt. Your teacher reviews P1–P2 separately and checks retained understanding after a delay.

Restore a backup

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Optional extension activities

Allow 10–15 minutes if the main practice is secure. Show your method, explain a check and justify your conclusion.

Stretch

Reveal a worked check after attempting

SSS: all three corresponding sides equal.

Deep challenge

Reveal a worked check after attempting

No. SSA is generally insufficient; more than one triangle may fit.

Recall & Review: feedback and extension integration

Lesson L027: Congruence and geometric reasoning

Objective: Select a valid triangle congruence criterion and use corresponding parts to build a short proof.

60-minute structure: 0-7 Connect & Check; 7-14 Share; 14-25 Present/model; 25-44 Apply route choice/practice; 44-52 independent exam-style check; 52-60 Recall & Review, WWW/EBI and next step.

What Went Well (WWW)

I selected the correct geometric fact, theorem, formula or transformation and used a clear diagram with appropriate labels and units.

Even Better If (EBI)

I will name the fact or theorem, show the substitution or construction step and check whether the size, direction and units of the result are reasonable.

Stretch and deep challenge

Stretch: State a valid congruence test for sides 5,7,8 cm in two triangles and explain.

Deep challenge: Two triangles have equal side lengths 5 and 7 cm and a non-included equal angle. Must they be congruent?